The Arab region has witnessed an increasing number of sand and dust storms (SDS) in recent years, which has resulted in significant impacts on the environment, human health, and socio-economic development. Projections indicate that these extreme events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change and evolving land use patterns including desertification, land degradation, and the reduction of vegetation cover. The escalating frequency and intensity of SDS events, notably in the Mashreq and Sahel regions have become of critical concern.
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