Influenza antiviral susceptibility surveillance has become more important as the use of antivirals has increased, notably playing an important role in influenza control. In countries where antiviral drugs are licensed, national guidance on use of antiviral drugs in clinical management is developed and updated. In the pandemic preparedness plans of many countries, the use and stockpiling of antiviral drugs is a key component.
Influenza viruses evolve constantly and reduced or highly reduced susceptibility to antiviral drugs has been detected in viruses from human cases with/without use of antiviral drugs for several years. In 2013 for example an increase in influenza A viruses with highly reduced susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitor (NI) oseltamivir in A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses was observed.
Monitoring the susceptibility of antiviral drugs is essential to guide influenza clinical management and to inform pandemic preparedness strategies.
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